What is Hypertension?
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Hypertension is referred to as the “silent killer” as it does not exhibit any symptoms until the situation is serious. Hypertension is not a disease but a symptom which leads to several other diseases. The symptoms of hypertension are as follows:
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- Confusion
- Buzzing of the ear
- Tiredness
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- Headache
- Dizziness
- Irregular heartbeat
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- Bleeding from the nose
- Nausea and vomiting
- Chest Pain
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- Vision changes or blurring of vision
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Hypertension might lead to:
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- Heart attack
- Heart failure
- Kidney failure
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- Damage to eye sight
- Brain Hemorrhage or stroke
- Progressive damage to heart and other organs
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- Peripheral arterial disease leading to pain in the leg
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Causes of Hypertension?
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The definite or exact causes of hypertension are unknown but the risk factors or the probable causes of hypertension are as follows:
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- African American origin
- Obesity
- Stress or tension
- Excess salt in the diet
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Lack of physical activity
- Diabetes
- Family history of hypertension
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- Smoking
- Excessive alcohol intake
- Atherosclerosis
- Diseases of the kidney
- Diseases of the aorta
- Drug abuse
- Thyroid disorder or Cushing’s syndrome
- Deficiency of Vitamin D
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- Autoimmune conditions of the body like periarteritis nodosa
- Calcium, potassium, and magnesium deficiency
- Excessive consumption of tea or coffee
- Renal artery stenosis
- Medications like contraceptive pills, corticosteroids, medicine for migraine, steroids etc.
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Diagnosis of Hypertension?
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Normal measuring of the blood pressure will give you the idea of your blood pressure. Some advance tests to check the stats of the heart and other organs can be done. They are as follows:
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- Blood tests
- Echocardiogram
- Elecrocardiogram
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- Analysis of the urine
- Ultrasound of various organs like kidney etc.
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Treatment of Hypertension?
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Here are few ways to treat Hypertension:
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- Medications: Various medicines are available to keep hypertension under control
- Diet: Avoiding high salted, processed foods and carbonated beverages can aid a better control over the blood pressure levels.
- Exercise: Regular physical activity helps in regulating the normal blood pressure levels.
- Lifestyle changes: Avoiding smoking habit, alcohol consumption and having a control over your dietary pattern can be of great help in regulating a normal blood pressure.
Hypertension is claiming lives of millions around the world and causing difficulty in the lives of many more. Some lifestyle changes and dietary changes not only prevent but also control the disease to a greater extent.
